Southern Europe and the Ottoman Empire. 10 maps. (1) Sea of Marmara, showing how...

Southern Europe and the Ottoman Empire. 10 maps. (1) Sea of Marmara, showing how access to it is naturally restricted. (2) The area between Bolayir and Gallipoli (now Gelibolu, Turkey), showing the French fortified line of 1854; scale: 5.9 inches to 5 miles [1:53,695]. (3) The area west of Constantinople (now Istanbul), showing the first and second fortified fronts; scale: 5.9 inches to 20 miles [1:214,780]. (4) Lisbon, Portugal, and adjacent country, showing system of fortified fronts employed by Lord Wellesley during the Peninsular War. (5) map of area north of the Sea of Marmara, illustrating the strategic importance of Rodosto (now Tekirdag, Turkey) in the defence of the Bosporus and the Dardanelles. (6) The area around Varna (now in Bulgaria), showing positions of forts, including Fort 'Suébedché' at the western extremity of Lake Devnya; scale: 8 inches to 20 miles [1:158,400]. (7) Similar to item 6, but lacking Fort 'Suébedché', and showing the probable lines of Russian besieging forces; scale: 11.25 inches to 30 miles [1:168,960]. (8) Showing a similar area to items 6 and 7, with railways, existing forts, and the suggested of a new fortification; scale: 7.8 inches to 5 miles [1:40,615]. (9) The coast between Varna and Burgas (also now in Bulgaria), showing line of communication by sea between those towns, and places recommended to be fortified. (10) Burgas and environs, showing how the area could be easily fortified; scale: 6.6 inches to 4 miles [1:38,400]. All items based on MS sketches enclosed in A H Layard's [despatch] number 366, 30 April 1877; lithographed by Harrison & Sons. MS note to item 10 drawing attention to the omissions. Map sizes between 14 cm x 12 cm and 21 cm x 35 cm.