Manuscript leaf from a Glossed Psalter, in Latin, produced in Italy

MS 5650/76

Manuscript leaf from a Glossed Psalter, in Latin, produced in Italy

c.1160

Text: From a Glossed Psalter, in Latin

Script: Carolingian Minuscule (litera antiqua)

The text shows part of Psalm 108 together with interlinear gloss and side gloss. There are fifteen lines of text written in brown ink with versals in red ink. Although the script is described as Carolingian Minuscule it shows transitional features moving towards Gothic. The letter ‘m’ has rounded features but the letter ‘d’ does not have a vertical ascender. Ascenders of ‘b’, ‘l’ and ‘h’ are quite short.

There are fine and extensive interlinear and columnar glosses, both to the left and right of the Psalm. The Psalm is written in a relatively large script in the central column. The gloss to the left and right of the Psalm is in a script about half the height of the Psalm, and the inter-linear gloss is even slightly shorter and is written above the line of the Psalm. In the glosses each section is preceded by an insertion symbol shown in the transcription as ‘

’.

There is some line pricking along the top and bottom edges of the leaf and more noticeably along the fore edge. Some of the line pricking seems to have been made with a sharp pointed tool that punctured the vellum, but others are horizontal slits made with a sharp knife. It appears that the knife may have slipped near the top of the fore edge causing a slight cut in the vellum. A sharp stylus was used to rule the leaf - both vertically and horizontally. The lines on the recto (hair) side have a fine furrow whereas those on the verso (flesh) side have a raised ridge. The scribe apparently did not make much use of the scored lines, which are very faint, as sometimes the line passes through the middle of the line of lettering. Also in some instances the line of lettering of the Psalm slopes slightly at an angle to the scored line.

Some of the inter-linear gloss comes from Augustine and some from Cassiodorus and is identified as such in the transcription.

References:

(a) Christopher de Hamel, The Book. A History of The Bible, pp. 109-111.

(b) Christopher de Hamel, History of Illuminated Manuscripts, Figure 64.

(c) Migne, Patrologia Latina, Vol. 191, pp.987-994.

(d) Maggs Catalogue 1262 (Christmas 1998), Item 9.

Transcription

Recto side:

1G

sine causa

p(ro) bono mala q(uod) deu(s)

?

1 me gratis . [108:4] P ro eo ut me [Psalm 108

2G

negantes filiu(m) d(e)i (et) q(uod) i(n) beel-

2 diligere(n)t detraheba(n)t m(ihi) .

3G zebub . e(st) . d(ictus) .

et c(etera) bo(n)a p(ro) mat(re)

(et) p(ro) ipsis . n(on) solu(m) p(ro) fi-

3 ego aut(em) oraba(m) . [108:5] E t posue

4G de discip(u)lor(um) .

q( ) . p( ) q( ) b( ) .

4 r(unt) adversu(s) me mala p(ro) bo(n)i(s) .

5G

h(ic) omn(i)s e(st) (et) magn(us) reat(us) . n(on) eni(m) noc(ere) potuer(unt) . s(ed) totu(m)

5 et odium p(ro) dilectione

6G e(ni)m e(st) odiu(m) .

i(de)o

q(uod) (christo) noluit

6 mea [108:6] C onstitue sup(er) eum

7G e(ss)e subdit(us)

que :

hoc dextru(m) e(st) cui q( ). q( ) p(re)po

7 peccatorem : et diabol(us)

8G nit . (et) h(ic) : op(er)a diab(o)li p(re)posuit op(er)ib(us) d(e)i . avartia(m) sue sa-

8 stet a dext(ri)s eius . [108:7] C um iu-

9G luti

noluit e(ss)e cui dicat(ur) . int(rare) i(n) gaudiu(m) . s(ed) p(ro)ici-

?

9 dicatur exeat conde(m)pnat(us) .

10G te eu(m) i(n) . t(unc) . ex .

quia n(on) e(st) iusta or(ati)o n(isi) p(er) (christu)m . et n(on) so-

?

10 et oratio ei(us) fiat in peccatu(m) .

11Ga lu(m) n(on) del(et) pecc(atu)m : s(ed) sit i(n) pecc(atum) .

(et) ne sa-

11Gb sapl( )at(us)

11 [108:8] F iant dies ei(us) pauci : et e-

12G crat(us) nu(meru)s sit diminut(us) : [Augustine]

12 pi(s)copatu(m) ei(us) accipiat alt(er)

13G

nota iudam uxore(m) habuisse . (et) filios . [Cassiodorus, Augustine]

13 [108:9] F ia(n)t filii ei(us) orpha(n)i : (et) uxo(r)

14G

incerti q(uo) eant . [Augustine] L(ectio) re(m)

14 ei(us) vidua . [108:10] N uta(n)te(s) t(ra)nsfera(n)t(ur)

15G L(ectio) en .

15 filii ei(us) . et m(en)dic(ent) : eitia(n)t(ur) de

Recto side - top border gloss:

1

p(ro) q(u)o cb( )a( )t me dilige( ) . det(ur) .

Recto side - first left column gloss:

1

Gratis . Sic(ut) piis p(er) se

2 placet equitas : sic

3 inpiis iniquitas .

4

Plus noc(ent) det(ra)he(n)te(s)

?

5 (christ)o . q(ui)a a(n)i(m)as co(ntra)litor(um)

?

6 i(n)situi(n)t : qua(m)q(uam) ei(us)

? ?

7 carne(m) mox resurrec-

8 tura(m) p(er)imer(e)t .

?

Recto side - insert to gloss:

1

s . psalm(um) s . di

?

Recto side - second left column gloss:

1

ii

incip(it) p(ro)phetare : q(ue) p(ro)

2 i(m)pietate recipiat

?

3 ip(s)i (et) iuda .

4

Sup(ra) de pl(ur)ib(us) . n(un)cq(u)o

5 digni s(unt) p(oe)nitians :

?

6 de uno dic(it) inte(n)de(n)s

7 i(n) eu(m) . (id est) . iuda(m) . [

: (christos)] q(ui) se ta- [Insert

8 lib(us) t(ra)didit .

Recto side - third left column gloss:

1

Or(ati)o . Et ne inpu-

2 tet(ur) ab i(m)mine(n)te da(m)p-

3 natio(n)e lib(er)ari or(ati)o(n)e

4 qua(m) int(er) ap(osto)los didi-

5 cerat : or(ati)o inq(ui)t fiat

6 i(n) pecc(atu)m . q(ui)a n(on) p(er) (christu)m

?

7 q(uem) n(on) vult . seq(uitur) . set p(er)-

?

8 seq(uitur) .

9

h(ic) p(ri)mu(m) in vet(er)i test(iment)o

10 nom(en) ep(iscop)at(us) invenit(ur) .

?

Recto side - first right column gloss:

1

H( ) ead(em) co(n)gruu(n)t iudi(i)s q(uo)r(um) p(er)sona(m) iudas

2 gessit . Constitue . s . e . p . si e(st) de iuda : trade

3 eis : cu(m) indicat(ur) . e . c . q(ui)a in nequitia p(er)ma-

4 ne(n)tes : thesaurizant s(ibi) ira(m) ; or(ati)o i(n) pecc(aru)m :

5 quia n(on) sit p(er) mechatore(m) ; dies pauci . s(ed) re-

6 gnu(m) q(uod) p(ost) diu n(on) stetit ; ep(iscop)atu(m) eor(um) .(id est) .

(christu)m

?

7 q(ui) ad eos miss(us) : accep(it) p(o)p(u)l(u)s g(e)ntiu(m) ; filii : or-

?

8 phani : amisso qua(s)i patre : regno . l( ) d(omin)o ;

9 Uxor . (id est) . plebs iudua : amisso regno . Tra(n)s-

?

10 fera(n)tur . ut in captivitate factu(m) e(st) ; m(ichi) di-

11 ca(n)t : sub regib(us) ge(n)tiu(m) ; Om(n)e(m) sub(stanti)a(m) ei(us) . deb-

12 ita eor(um) n(on) dimittu(n)tur . q(ui)a i(n) (christ)o solo dimit-

13 tu(n)tur alieni . diab(o)l(u)s (et) a(n)g(e)li ei(us) . quia no(n)

14 thesaurizant i(n) celo ; adiutor n(on) e(st) ei . cui

15 (christ)o dee(st) ; pupill(us) ; amisso regno . L(ectio) patre d(omin)o .

16 quib(us) null(o) mis(er)et(ur) . n(on) ad t(em)p(or)alia s(ed) ad e-

17 t(er)na ; nati inintttu( ) : se(m)p(er)it(u)nom ; In g(e)n(er)atione :

??? ??

18 una : quia n(on) regn(avit) art . Iniquitas patru(m) .

?? ??

19 q(uam) his mal(is) redditur . Pecc(atu)m mat(ri)s . ihr(usa)l(e)m

20 q(uam) s(ed)uit cu(m) filiis s(ui)s . q(uam) p(ro)ph(et)as int(er)fic(it) :

c(ir)c(um) d(omi)n(u)m

? ?

21 .(id est) . a co(n)spectu d(omi)ni pecc(atu)m eor(um) n(on)n aboleatur .

22 s(ed) se(m)p(er) puniatur ; disp(er)eat de t(er)ra .(id est) . eccl(esi)a .

23 quia cum e(ss)ent rami naturales : fracti s(unt) ;

24 non e(st) recordatus . L(ectio) iudas l(ectio) ille p(o)p(u)l(u)s .

25 s(ed) melius de p(o)p(u)l(o) . qui no(n) e(st) recordatus

26 penitendo . ut sup(er) menbra face(n)t salte(m)

?

27 m(isericord)iam . s(ed) ea p(er)sequitur . Un(de) ait . (et) p(er)secut(us)

?

28 e(st) . h . i(n) . (et) . m( ) . ul( ) iudas (christu)m ; conpu(n)ct(us) : corde :

29 n(on) sol(et) dici : n(isi) stimuli(s) pecc(at)or(um) in dolore pe-

?

30 nite(n)di . s(ed) quia h( )r : m(em)bra (christ)i : (et) eu(m) que(m) in c( )

? ?

31 ce fixer(at) indi( ) : p(er)secuti s(unt) in m(em)bris

? ? ?

Recto side - second right column gloss:

1

Utiq(ue) mortuo ip(s)o (et) filii ei(us) orphani (et) u-

2 xor ei(us) vidua fuit . e(st) cura mortuis de suis .

3 ut de divite legitur . si (er)g(o) h(oc) su(s)t(in)uit mortui .

?

4 cumulus e(st) malor(um) . si n(on) su(s)t(in)uit . formido e(st)

?

5 umor(um) .

?

Verso side:

1G

om(n)i p(re)sidio destituti .

1 de habitatio(n)ib(us) s(ui)s . [108:11] S crute-

2G

diab(o)l(u)s . q(uod) mala co(m)m(an)dat . L(ectio) d(eu)s q(ui) bo(n)a

2 t(ur) fenerator om(n)em sub(stanti)am ei(us)

3G

3 (et) diripiant alieni labore(s) ei(us) .

4G

quia (et) bo(n)i te(m)pta(n)tur . s(ed) h(abe)nt d(eu)m adiu-

4 [108:12] N o(n) sit illi adiutor : nec sit q(ui)

5G tore(m) . [Cassiodorus]

5 mis(er)eat(ur) pupillis ei(us) . [108:13] F iant

6G

q(uod) de eo g(e)n(er)atu(m) e(st) n(on) g(e)n(er)e(t) .

6 nati ei(us) in i(n)t(er)itu(m) in g(e)n(er)atio(n)e

7G (et) cito t(ra)nseat . [Augustine]

7 una deleat(ur) nom(en) ei(us) . [108:14] I n me-

8G

un(de) v(er)e . d(icitu)r . redda(m) pecca(ta) . p .

8 moria redeat iniq(ui)tas pa-

9G patru(m) i(n) filio(s) . s(ed) q(uod) d(icitu)r fili(os) n(on) portab(it) i(n)iq(ui)tat(em) pat(ri)s . de

9 tru(m) ei(us) in co(n)spectu d(omi)ni : (et) p-

10G co(n)v(er)sis ad d(eu)m i(n)tellige(n)du(m) e(st) . [Augustine]

pat(er)

10 eccatu(m) mat(ri)s ei(us) n(on) deleat(ur) . [108:15] F i-

11G ei(us) (et) mat(er) . n(on) ut d(omi)no adv(er)se(n)tur . s(ed) ut d(eu)s mala m(er)ita eor(um)

11 a(n)t (contra) d(omi)n(u)m se(m)p(er) : et disp(er)eat de

12G n(on) obliviscatur i(n) isto .

pare(n)tu(m) ei(us) . deleta p(ro)pagine .

12 t(er)ra memo(r)ia eor(um) . [108:16] p(ro) eo q(uod)

n(on) e(st) re-

13G

13 cordat(us) fac(er)e m(isericord)iam . [108:17] E t

p(er)sec-

14G

(christu)m .

14 ut(us) e(st) ho(m)i(n)e(m) inope(m) (et) m(en)dicu(m) :

et

15G

(id est) . ut mortificaret .

15 c(on)pu(n)ctu(m) corde mortificare .

Verso side - first left column gloss:

1

Quom(odo) hoc totu(m) uxo(r)i ei(us) filiis co(n)tigit : [n?

2 indicat . S( )ctet(ur) . fe . s(ed) quoni(am) habuit sub(stanti)am

3 qui cu(m) ap(osto)lis d(omi)n(u)m seq(ue)bantur . ( ) o(mn)ia aut(em) q(ue)

4 ha(b)uit ita uxo(r)i (et) filiis dimisit : ut adhuc

5 cor in ill(is) h(abe)re(n)t . (et) putabat d(omi)n(u)m falli .

6 q(uando) ea q(ue) mitteba(n)tur de locul(is) auforebat .

Verso side - second left column gloss:

1

Pupilli q(ua)si pusilli . u(nde) pupilla q(ui)a par-

2 va .

Verso side - third left column gloss:

1

Inmemo(r)ia . Et pecca(ta) patru(m) eis reddeu(n)t(ur) :

2 qui a mal(is) eor(um) n(on) disced(en)t . s(ed) n(on) eis qui in (christo)

3 mutati s(unt) . qui ia(m) n(on) s(unt) filii iniquor(um) . Si (er)g(o)

4 iudas teneret adoptione(m) qua(m) accep(er)at :

5 n(on) p(er)tineret adeu(m) . L(ectio) sua p(re)t(er)ita L(ectio) patrum

6 iniquitas . s(ed) quia rediit ad mala vetusti

7 g(eneration)is : rediit iniquitas patru(m) i(n) co(n)spectu

8 d(omi)ni . ut in eo puniretur .

Verso side - fourth left column gloss:

1

Paup(er)es insequi . sola sevitia e(st) . alii p(ro)

2 divitiis L(ectio) hono(r)ib(us) i(n)sec(tan)tur .

?

Verso side - first right column gloss:

1

n(on) sit aduitor : ad

2 tue(n)da(m) po(st)erita-

3 te(m) . i(m)madd(us) . nec sit

4 q(ui) mis(er)eat(ur) . (pupillis) . ei(us) ; s(ed) [patri ?

?

5 quia p(os)s(et) sine ad

6 intoe( ) (et) tuto( ) fi-

7 lii : hc (et) i(n) eru( )m( )

8 cresce(n)tes (et) gen(us) p(ro)-

9 pagatio(n)e s(ed)ua( )e . -

10 add(us) . fia(n)t . n . ei(us) . i(n) .

11 spe(m) post(er)itatis tol-

12 lit .

Verso side - second right column gloss:

1

c(ir)c(um) d(omi)n(u)m .(id est) . in co(n)-

?

2 spectu d(ominu)m . q(ue) (et) a-

3 lii sic t(ra)nstuler(unt) .

Notes:

A Letters in Psalm: a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u/v,x.

Versals: C,E,F,I,N,P,S.

B Particularly in the Psalm, the ascenders are very short.

C Letters in inter-linear gloss:

a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u/v,x,z,L,

.

D Letters in side gloss: a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u/v,

x,z,C,E,G,H,I,L,O,P,Q,S,T,U,

.

E Alternative forms of letters in the Psalm are ‘d’(2), ‘r’(2), and ‘s’(2).

F There is no fusion between letters apart from ‘pp’, e.g. in ‘populo’ in

the first right-hand recto gloss (line 25).

G Elision occurs between some letters such as ‘fi’, ‘Fi’, ‘ti’ and ‘tu’.

Note the red versal ‘F’ joining the ‘i’ in ‘Fiant’ in the Psalm

(verso, line 5).

H Ligature of ‘st’, e.g. in ‘Constitue’ in Psalm (recto, line 6), and in

the gloss.

I Abbreviation for ‘mihi’ in Psalm (recto, line 2).

J Abbreviation for ‘pro’ in Psalm (recto, lines 4 and 5).

K Abbreviation for ‘eius’ in Psalm (e.g. recto, line 10).

L Abbreviation for ‘qui’ in Psalm (verso, line 4).

M Abbreviation for ‘misereatur’ in Psalm (verso, line 5).

N Abbreviation for ‘contra’ in Psalm (verso, line 11). In the leaf the

abbreviation is ‘cc’ with superscript ‘a’ - an alternative abbreviation

can be ‘ct’ with superscript ‘a’.

O Abbreviation for ‘eorum’ in Psalm (verso, line 12).

P Abbreviation for ‘misericordiam’ in Psalm (verso, line 13).

Q Abbreviation for ‘Lectio’ in various places in the gloss.

R Abbreviation for ‘ergo’ in various places in the gloss.

S There are many other standard abbreviations, both in the Psalm and

the gloss.

T Use is made of the Tironian ‘et’. Note especially its use within the word

‘mendicent’ in the Psalm (recto, line 15) where it appears at the end of

the word and has an ‘n’ inserted within it.

U A scribal correction by deletion of an incorrect letter in the word ‘sit’

in Psalm (verso, line 4).

V For its small size the gloss is quite neat.

MS 76

Latin

1 leaf

Material: Vellum leaf