James Dewar

MS various hands

Laboratory notebook, 7¼" x 9", hard brown marbled cover. Includes: inside front cover: printed table - uncondensable gas at 20 absolute; air nitrogen obtained in different ways. 1p

p.1 oxygen liquefaction lecture. Printed tables stuck in: composition of the earth (specific gravity of the metals), analyses of metallic meteorites.

p.2 latent heats, July 1901.

p.3 drawing of apparatus - mirror & spectroscope; estimates of solar temperature

p.4 Bunsen's explosion apparatus; ratio between saturated vapour and liquid volume of helium gas at different temperatures.

p.5 benzol

p.6 solar and stella spectra

p.7-9 carbonic acid; dissociation: heats of combustion, composition of carbonic oxide flame, apparatus for sucking gases from flame, iodine, water.

p.10 radiation experiments

p.11 relation of light and electricity - apparatus

p.12 Lime crucible for arc - drawings; Poullet's thermoelectric pyrometer - drawing

p.13 production of HCN in electric arc - drawing; density experiments, Fe bottle in crucible - drawing

p.14 curves of various compounds

p.15 vapour densities

p.16 densities of pentachloride of phosphorus

p.17 radiation experiment - drawing of apparatus

p.18 production of HCN - drawing of apparatus

p.19 table of processes

p.20 production of nitrites; chlorine densities

p.21 curve of tension of dissociation of phosphorus, cyanic acid and mercury

p.22 Hall's experiment on calcium carbonate - apparatus

p.23 diagram of Fouchon's pendulum (rotation of the earth)

p.24-5 notes for Friday evening discourse on Deville

p.25 figure of sun (Siemen's theory)

p.26 chemical decompositions; table of elements

p.27 Mendelejeff's grouping of the elements

p.28 table of elements known at present time

p.29 composition of earth's crust; elements known 100 years ago

p.30 chemistry; refractive indices

p.31 dispersion

p.32 standard ultra-violet lines (Mascart)

p.33 incident light normal to surface

p.34 spectrum of sun; light reflected by glass at different angles of incidence

p.35 absorption by solar atmosphere

p.36 rate of pulsations of rays; refractive index of liquid

p.37 ultra-violet - sun spectrum (Mascart & Corner)

p.38 deviation, dispersion and transmission of prisms; light researches - observers.

p.39 refractive indices and coefficients of dispersion; diagram - passage of ray through prism

p.40 opacity and transparency in ultra red, luminous, ultra violet.

p.41 formulae for dispersion

p.42 curves of spectroscopes

p.43 molecular refractions

p.44 becquerel's heat spectrum phosphorescence

p.45 Langley's curves of distribution of energy in sun spectum

p.46 visible spectrum

p.47 thermal spectrum

p.48 limits of spectrum colours; Group E of solar spectrum

p.49 magnesium group - solar spectrum

p.50-1 spectra of Na and K in the arc in CaO crucible; ghosts in diffraction spectra.

p.52 wave-lengths of hydrogen, lithium, magnesium and chromosphere substance

p.53 solar radiation

p.54 light radiation from platinum

p.55-8 drawings of apparatus including manometer on Siemen's carbon, Sprengel pump and Soret's fluorescent eyepiece

p.59 relative velocities

p.60 formation and decomposition of cellulose

p.61 notes on palladium, hydrogenium and occluded hydrogen

p.62-3 tensions of hydrogenium; thermo-electric relations of hydrogenium; specific heats. Drawing of automatic prism

p.64 soap bubbles

p.65 Plateau's wire figures

p.66 heading only

p.67 drawing of apparatus used for experiment on arc in various gases

p.68 arc in hydrocyanic acid gas, nitrogen and solutions of hydrogen and carbonic oxide

p.69 influence of pressure on reaction between carbon and hydrogen (Berthelot); synthesis of hydrocyanic acid and acetylene

p.70 composition of gas medium at different times

p.71 synthesis of hydrocyanic acid and acetylene

p.72 synthesis of acetylene; line spectrum of carbon

p.73 titles of works (alchemy)

p.74 list of elements, spirits etc (alchemy)

p.75 chronological table of discoveries (authors & alchemists)

p.76 periods of chemical history

pp77-8 symbols for elements and planets; abracadabra

p.79 list of authors (Hermes etc.)

p.80 headings only

p.81 apparatus for researches on liquid oxygen

p.82 pressures of liquid oxygen

p.83 drawing of apparatus [?ozone production].

p.84 production of ozone

p.85 comparison of oxygen and ozone

p.86 volume/temperature curves [?ozone/oxygen]

p.87 Leeds apparatus for ozone

p.88 boiling points below freezing point of water

p.89 effects of pressure on air; range of temperatures

p.90 critical points (temperature & pressure)

p.91 points of fusion

p.92 diagram of apparatus, 1903.

p.93 thermal effects of compression

p.94 temperature/pressure of gases; formulae of fluid volumes

p.95-6 formulae of gaseous laws

p.97 oxygen, nitrogen & hydrogen in liquid Co.

p.98-9 gaseous compounds; products of molecular condensation

p.100-4 notes on elements, including specific gravity

p.105 general formulae of gaseous laws; velocity

p.106 moving spheres and molecules

p.107 pressure/volume curve - Virral (Virial); carbonic acid

p.108 diffusion apparatus; relations between electric currents and work, heat etc.

p109-11 thermal values

p.112 equivalents of electricity per molecule of salt

p.113-4 graphic formula of isomeric C.H.

p.115 number of isomeric hydrocarbons

p.116 drawing of ethylene apparatus

p.117 curve - tensions of liquid gases

p.118 liquid oxygen

p.119 temperature of space

p.120 drawing of compression pump

p.121 drawing of apparatus

p.122 table of coal production in Great Britain

p.123 range between critical point and boiling point

p.124 thermo-electric diagram (Tait)

p.125 effects of natural gas and coal gas in different volumes of gas to air

p.126 gases - heat

p.127 exports of petroleum and its products from the United States in 1883

p.128 table showing comparative development of the petroleum industry in America and Russia, 1860-86

p.129 analysis of natural gas fuel in the environs of Pittsburgh

p.130 barometric pressure, altitude and temperature; heights of clouds

p.131 interior of the earth

p.132 elementary substances found in meteorites

p.133 section of atmosphere and below sea level; illustrations stuck in of volcanic ash, eruption of Cotopaxi, and thermograph

p.134-140 illustrations (cuttings stuck in) of the Pegu meteorite Burma, 1851; native iron in Greenland; eruption of Krakatoa; eruption of Vesuvius, 1822; Stromboli, 1874; crater lake at Kilanea; lunar Appenines; lunar Crater of Gassendi; terrestrial & lunar volcanic areas compared; crater of Vesuvius; resistance of air; heat; section of lava from Kilanea; section of deep sea deposit; sections of meteorites; glass cavities in minerals of meteorites; structure of Swedish bar iron kept at red heat

p.141 diagram of paths of meteors

p.142 gases of meteorites; meteoric irons

p.143 density of meteorites; meteoric stones

p.144 components of Alfianells meteorite

p.145 constituents of meteorites

p.146 volcanic products; velocities

p.147 relation between velocity in air and temperature; nomenclature

p.148 chemical and electrochemical equivalents

p.149 comparison of measures of electric current strengths; drawing of Cowles electric furnace

p.150 metals - tensile strength; compression produced by moving spherical body

p.151 graphites

p.152 apparatus for solidification of oxygen

p.153 chemical action of liquid oxygen; apparatus for measuring velocity of light

p.154 light researches - observers

p.155 spectra of hydrogen, nitrogen etc.; hydrogen reversal

p.156 families of elements; drawing of hollow carbon tube heated by arc

p.157 atomic weights

p.158 ozone apparatus; spectra of hydrocarbon, carbonic oxide, cyanogen and acetylene; drawing of iron tubes for explosions for spectroscopic work

p.159 spectra: hydrogenm lithium, thallium etc.

p.160 fermentation by pure elliptic yeast; total atmosphere luminosity

p.161 solar radiation; relative chemical stability, 12 April 1888.

p.162 composition of sea water; world production of soda, 1883

p.163 raw materials of the alkali trade, 1886; products of pyrites and nitrate of soda

p.164 reactions of ammonia soda process; chlorate manufacture; apparatus for showing gaseous phosphorescence, 8 June 1888.

p.165 evaporation and condensation; clouds, 1889

p.166 cloud forms

p.167 untitled diagram

p.168 rate of falling of fine particles; sun power

p.169 evaporation and condensation (crossed out); formation of cloud; total ponderable mass of atmosphere

p.170 drawing of steel tube for spectroscopic work; evolution of hydrocarbons from methane.

p.171 methane

p.172 absorption spectrum of 18 metres of oxygen at 90 atmospheres

p.173 list of papers by Joule

p.174 joule's values of the mechanical equivalents of heat

p.175 list of Joule's joint investigations; methods of determining the mechanical equivalents of heat

p.176 thermal effects of fluids in motion; temperature of body moving through air

p.177 different kinds of energy; simultaneous synthesis of water and hydrochloric acid

p.178 velocity of flame propagation

p.179-80 velocity of explosive wave; pressure from explosions

p.181-2 gases and flame of Bunsen at different heights

p.183 temperature of ignition

p.184 gases and flame of Bunsen (crossed out)

p.185 time required to reach maximum pressure in explosive gas mixture

p.186 explosives

p.187 temperature of explosive gas mixtures; dates of discovery of explosives.

p.188 composition of nitro compounds; heat and volume of gas evolved during explosion

p.189 comparison of finely divided metals

p.190 energy of explosives

p.191 note on diagrams: inserted pp.191-2 diagram of pump

pp.192-3 blank

p.194-7 notes on heat, for Christmas course, 1890-91

p.198 capacity for heat; linear and cubical expansion

p.199 fusing and boiling points

p.200 latent heats

p.201-2 drawings of flames

p.203 diagrams: wave lengths/molecular weights; solar energy

p.204 diagram: absorption of carbonic oxide, CO2 CS2 & OH2

p.205 energy of radiation; laws of radiation

p.206 spectra of solids

p.207 elements in the sun according to number and intensity

p.208 doubtful elements, elements not in solar spectrum and substances not yet tried

p.209 elements in crust of earth and ocean

p.210 chemical work of Faraday; organic research

p.211 latent heat of vapourization of liquid CO2.

p.212 density and critical density of various substances

p.213 magnetic relations of gases (Faraday & Becquerel)

p.214 curve showing vapour pressures

p.215 curves of specific resistance of alloys, metals and carbon

p.216 refractive indices of liquid gases; pressure of mercury vapour; radiation at low temperatures

p.217 drawings of apparatus

p.218-9 the atmosphere; composition of air (Stevens)

p.220 thermal relations of moist air (Stevens); correlation of pressure and elevation

p.221 elevation of balloon (Jordan)

p.222 diagrams (cuttings) of terrestrial calms (Maplestone); curve of pressure and height in the atmosphere

p.223 air - discoveries; breaking stress in metals

p.224 thermal transparency; drawings of apparatus used with liquid oxygen.

p.225 coefficients of compressibility in liquids and gases

p.226 density of gases at 15° C and 3000 atmos.; Wiedemann - luminosity (for Friday 18 Jan. 1895).

p.227 phosphorescent surface (Darwin)

p.228 phosphorescent bodies (Becquerel)

p.229 drawing of apparatus for studying photographic action at low temperatures, 18 Jan. 1895.

pp.230-1 list of papers by Dewar, 1878-1894.

pp.232-8 list of papers by Wroblewski, 1883-9; typescript & MS (pp.233, 235 and 237 blank)

p.239 critical constants of hydrogen (Wroblewski, 1889); apparent density of liquid oxygen

p.240 apparent density of liquid oxygen; density of liquid oxygen at its boiling point

p.241 drawing of apparatus; heat cooled by compression of gases

p.242 adiabatic expansion of hydrogen; rate of discharge through needle hole at different pressures.

p.243 critical temperatures and pressures of gases; drawing of apparatus

p.244 new metallic carbides

p.245 physical constants of liquid oxygen

p.246 dielectric constant of liquid oxygen - apparatus

p.247 liveing & Dewar - liquid oxygen

p.248 vapour pressures

p.249 diagram - electrical resistance of metals

p.250 electrical resistance of pure metals

p.251 electrical resistance of alloys

p.252 aerophile, 18 Feb. 1896 - air taken at 15500 metres; notes on boiling points benzol, aniline, toluol

p.253 notes on boiling points methane, ethane, aldehyde and benzoid aldehyde; apparatus for liquefaction of fluorine (cutting)

p.254 drawings of apparatus (printed cuttings), including that for examination of the least condensible portion of air

p.255 physical constants of halogen and halogen acids; heat of formation of halogen acids

pp.256-7 exhaustion experiments

p.258 Curve showing Pictet's results, April 1898; drawing of apparatus, April 1898

p.259 drawing of vacuum vessel, April 1898; apparatus for absorption of Rontgen radiation at low temperatures, April 1898.

p.260 platinum resistance thermometer; physical constants of hydrogen and oxygen. 20 Jan. 1899

p.261 temperatures & pressures. 20 Jan. 1899

p.262 vapour pressures and boiling point of hydrogen, 20 Jan. 1899; drawing of platinum resistance thermometer, Dec. 1898.

p.263 curve - electrical resistance of air, Dec. 1898; drawing of apparatus

p.264 new constituents of the atmosphere, 21 April 1899; physical constants of liquid hydrogen and oxygen.

p.265 vapour tensions of liquid gases, May 1899; molecular velocities and weights, 23 May 1899.

p.266 determinations of boiling point of hydrogen

p.267 drawings of apparatus; curve of electrical resistance of platinum

p.268 photograph (cutting) of apparatus - vapour tension, liquid hydrogen

p.269 constant volume gas thermometers; liquid atomic volumes. Friday evening, March 1900

p.270 comparison of gaseous hydrogen; density of hydrogen. Friday evening, Marcg 1900.

p.271 densities, Fri.eve., March 1900; list of R.I. professors for summer course 1900.

p.272 chemical & ionic compounds, mixed solutions; Grotthus theory. Summer course, 1900.

p.273 modern study of solutions; diagram of migration of ions. Summer course, 1900.

p.274 densities; Hinrich's theoretical atmosphere at high altitude. Friday evening, 18 Jan. 1901

p.275 Gautier - hydrogen and marsh gas in atmospheric air; chief investigators of physical properties of gases. For Friday evening "Gases beginning and end of century", 18 Jan. 1901.

p.276 curve - adiabatic cooling of air, vapour pressures of liquid air; drawing of apparatus. For 18 Jan. 1901

p.277 curve - pressure and volume in gases. For 18 Jan. 1901. notes on temperatures and boiling points, for Bakerian Lecture, June 1901

pp.278-81 drawings of apparatus - problems of the atmosphere.

p.282-3 electric resistance thermometry at boiling point of hydrogen

p.284 drawing of apparatus

pp.285-6 problems of the atmosphere: diagrams and notes concerning Ferrel's Table.

p.287 properties of gases

p.288 curve - fusion and vapourisation of water; curve - transformations of sulphur

pp289-90 drawings of apparatus

p.291-2 densities and mean coefficients of cubical expansion of solids at low temperatures; densities and specific volumes of O and N vapours at the boiling points of the liquids.

p.293 formulae of gaseous laws; water molecules

p.294 densities & specific volumes of O & N vapours at the boiling points of the liquids; drawing of apparatus

p.295 curve - expansion of water; percentage of hydrogen in different bodies

p.296 fumaroli gases, Mt Pelee, 1902; curve: natural numbers/frequencies

p.297-8 spectra of potassium and hydrogen

p.299 untitled diagram

p.300 constants of liquid gas calorimeters; liquid air calorimeters. For Friday 25 March 1904 "Liquid hydrogen calorimetry".

p.301 specific heat of diamond, graphites, ice & lead - notes and curve. For 25 March 1904.

p.303 specific heat; drawing of apparatus. For 25 March 1904

p.304 drawing of apparatus, for 25 March; molecular volume at the absolute zero, for Dissociation course

pp305-6 densities of solid O, N and H, for Dissociation course.

p.307 temperature/pressure curves

p.308 carbonate of lime - temperature & tension; heat

p.309 liquid air, latent heat, molecular absorption. For Friday, 21 Jan. 1905

p.310 coconut charcoal - absorption at 15° C and at boiling point of liquid (Hunter). For 21 Jan. 1905.

pp 311-2 helium and hydrogen absorption; heat evolution - charcoal absorption. For 21 Jan. 1905.

pp.313-4 drawings of apparatus

pp.315-6 hydrogen absorption by charcoal; theoretical mean density of gases in charcoal pores; amounts of neon and helium in atmospheric air. For Friday 8 June 1906 - "Studies on charcoal and liquid air".

pp.317-9 drawings: gases in charcoal - temperature of liquid air; benzol rings, mellitic acid; apparatus. For 8 June 1906

p.320 distillation of metals - Moisson's table, 1 June 1906.

p.321 circulation of helium gas mixtures in closed regenerator circuit.

p.322 heat evolution determined by change of pressure; gases in charcoal

p.323 rates of exhaustion; limits of charcoal exhaustion change of pressure with small concentration; adiabatic expansion of helium

p.324 change of pressure with small concentration; adiabatic expansion of helium

p.325 curves - charcoal exhaustion experiments

p.326 degrees of frost; liquid vapour pressures (for Friday 11 June 1909 - "Radium and helium".

p.327-8 pressures, liquid vapour pressures, new constituents of atmosphere. For 11 June 1909.

p.329 radium emanation; radioactive data. For 11 June.

pp.330-1 drawings of apparatus for Friday 21 Jan. 1910 - "Light reactions at low temperatures".

p.332 distance of plates from source of light giving same photographic intensity; rare gases in atmosphere. 1910

p.333 rare gases in atmosphere; chemical reactions. 1911

p.334 melting points. For Friday evening, Jan. 1911

p.335 sulphur. For Jan. 1911.

pp.336-7 drawings of apparatus, for Jan. 1911.

p.338 practical limits of gas thermometers; corresponding temperature relations. 1912

p.339 limits of temperature by evaporation; liquid volumes of helium. 1912

p.340 liquid volumes of hydrogen; mean atomic specific heats between 20'ab. and 90' ab. 1912

p.341 gas thermometers: drawing and curve. 1912

p.342 temperatures and pressures of gases: curve. 1912

p.343 specific heat of hydrogen apparatus. 1912

p.344 atomic specific heat; drawing of liquid hydrogen calorimeter. June 1913

p.345 uncondensable gas at 20' absolute. 23 Jan.1914 - "The coming of age of the vacuum flask.

p.346 respired air uncondensable at 20° absolute. 23 Jan. 1914

p.347-8 uncondensable air at 20° absolute. 23 Jan. 1914.

p.349 drawing of apparatus for 23 Jan. 1914.

p.350 uncondensable air at 20° abs.

p.351 liquid hydrogen cooling with and without high exhaust; Moureu's experiments (1913) - rare gases in thermal springs and fire damp. For Friday 22 Jan. 1915 - " "Problems of hydrogen and the rare gases".

p.352 curves: platinum tube - hydrogen diffusion; experiments on total amount of hydrogen, helium and neon in air. For 22 Jan. 1915

p.353 proportion of helium, neon and hydrogen in air; gases in air- uncondensable at 20° Ab. For 22 Jan. 1915

p.354 mixtures of hydrogen with nitrogen and carbonic oxide, high exhaust at 20° Ab. For 22 Jan. 1915

pp.355-6 drawings of apparatus for 22 Jan. 1915 and for Jan.1916 (problems in capillarity).

pp.357-8 curves: diffusion of gases through india rubber membranes at different pressures and temperatures; graded black film - critical stage. Jan. 1916

p.359 rate of fall of black line; black spot in thin liquid films. Jan. 1916

p.360 soap film colours (Herschel); surface tension. Jan. 1916

p.361 curve (cutting): diffusion of gases through india rubber membranes; drawings of apparatus (cutting), Jan. 1916

p.362 drawings for lantern slides for Friday lecture, Jan. 1916 - capillarity

p.363 blank. Inserted between pp.363-4: sudden development of black in 40 cm bubble; notes on bubbles; drawings of apparatus; contraction of black H bubble; permanent soap bubble; 3pp + 1p blank.

p.364 Friday Evening Discourses: list, 1881-1922

p.365 notes for lectures, Jan. 1906

Inside back cover: note on silvering solution

[Much of information in DBI/6 is duplicate of that in DBI/5.]